Foreseeing the fate of the Jews Shmuel and his friends prepared two bunkers in Máramaros County even before the Germans invaded Hungary on 19.3.1944. Shmuel was enlisted in a forced labor unit. He was liberated by the partisans in Yugoslavia and remained with them until the end of the war. After the liberation he was a Hebrew and geography teacher of a group of children staying in Germany on their way to Eretz Israel (Palestine). Shmuel made aliya on the “Exodus” ship and was detained in Cyprus. On 1.5.1948 he arrived in Eretz Israel (Palestine) and joined Kibbutz Afek. Later he left the kibbutz.
